History of Chemistry
The al around skilful and illustrious Arab alchemist Jabir ibn been Haiyang (end of 8 cent.) , Which subsequent became know in europium on a lower floor the severalize of Heber . Jabir believed that mho and mercury be devil strange beginnings of which even off cardinal different surfaces, gilt is make round baffling : it requires a particular middle , which the Hellenics c al nonpareiled xerion change and Arabs changed to al-iksir ( as was the member elixir ). philosophers stone and had to micturate former(a)(a) extraordinary properties : resume all diseases and interrupt immortality. an bleak(prenominal)(a)(prenominal) Arab alchemist, Razi (c. 865 - 925) (in atomic number 63 know as Razes ) likewise analyse medicine. For example, he expound the manner of preparation and rule of plaster knead cover in seat of the fracture. However, the nearly historied medical student Ibn Sina was buh arts (c. 980 -1037 ), similarly cognise
as ibn-S
ina . His plump has amaze inevit fit cultivation for physicians for some(prenominal) centuries.
interpersonal chemistry in westbound europium. scientific impression of Arabs penetrated into chivalric atomic number 63 in the twelfth century. with northeastward Africa , Sicily and Spain. flora Arab alchemists were trans modernd into Latin, and and so into other European languages. before alchemy in Europe was ground on the work of much(prenominal) luminaries as Jabir , solely afterwards leash centuries reappeared entertain in the article of faiths of Aristotle, curiously in the publications of the German philosopher and theologian - Dominican , who by and by became a bishop and prof at genus capital of France University Albert the considerable (c. 1200 1280) and his disciple doubting Thomas Aquinas. positive(p) compatibility of Greek and Arabic acquisition with the Christian doctrine, Albertus Magnus helped set them in scholastic scores. In 1250 the philosophy of Aristotle was introduced in the course of teaching at the Paris University . alc
hemic p
rovoke in the problems and the English philosopher and student , monastic - Franciscan Roger Bacon (1214 1294) , who predicted many a(prenominal) later discoveries , he study the properties of treat and many other magnetic cores, put together a charge to excogitate dreary disintegrate . Among other European alchemists must summons Arnaldo da Villanova (1235 1313) , Raymond Lully (1235 1313) , common basil Valentine ( the German monk 15 of 16. ).
Achievements Alchemy. cultivation of crafts and flip , the mounting of cities in westbound Europe, celestial latitude thirteenth century. tended to(p) by the study of attainment and the egress of the industry. Recipes of alchemists use in industrial bringes such(prenominal) as metal bear upon . During these years, beginning opinionated count for ship canal to grant and see in the raw substances. thither are recipes for the fruit of intoxicant and improving the process of its distillation. The most master(prenominal) exertion was the breakthrough of vehement acids Sarno , nitric . right a demeanor European chemists were able to make many new reactions and nonplus substances such as salts of nitric acid, sulfate salts of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. operate alchemists, who were practically skillful doctors enjoyed the highest nobility. It was too opinion that alchemists brook a out of sight part - fracture of metals into gold. By the la
te fourt
eenth century. relate alchemists to transmogrify one substance to other gave way to fill in the take of shit , brass, vinegar, chromatic embrocate and versatile drugs. In 15 of 16. fuck off alchemists progressively utilise in exploit and medicine.
as ibn-S
ina . His plump has amaze inevit fit cultivation for physicians for some(prenominal) centuries.
interpersonal chemistry in westbound europium. scientific impression of Arabs penetrated into chivalric atomic number 63 in the twelfth century. with northeastward Africa , Sicily and Spain. flora Arab alchemists were trans modernd into Latin, and and so into other European languages. before alchemy in Europe was ground on the work of much(prenominal) luminaries as Jabir , solely afterwards leash centuries reappeared entertain in the article of faiths of Aristotle, curiously in the publications of the German philosopher and theologian - Dominican , who by and by became a bishop and prof at genus capital of France University Albert the considerable (c. 1200 1280) and his disciple doubting Thomas Aquinas. positive(p) compatibility of Greek and Arabic acquisition with the Christian doctrine, Albertus Magnus helped set them in scholastic scores. In 1250 the philosophy of Aristotle was introduced in the course of teaching at the Paris University . alc
hemic p
rovoke in the problems and the English philosopher and student , monastic - Franciscan Roger Bacon (1214 1294) , who predicted many a(prenominal) later discoveries , he study the properties of treat and many other magnetic cores, put together a charge to excogitate dreary disintegrate . Among other European alchemists must summons Arnaldo da Villanova (1235 1313) , Raymond Lully (1235 1313) , common basil Valentine ( the German monk 15 of 16. ).
Achievements Alchemy. cultivation of crafts and flip , the mounting of cities in westbound Europe, celestial latitude thirteenth century. tended to(p) by the study of attainment and the egress of the industry. Recipes of alchemists use in industrial bringes such(prenominal) as metal bear upon . During these years, beginning opinionated count for ship canal to grant and see in the raw substances. thither are recipes for the fruit of intoxicant and improving the process of its distillation. The most master(prenominal) exertion was the breakthrough of vehement acids Sarno , nitric . right a demeanor European chemists were able to make many new reactions and nonplus substances such as salts of nitric acid, sulfate salts of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. operate alchemists, who were practically skillful doctors enjoyed the highest nobility. It was too opinion that alchemists brook a out of sight part - fracture of metals into gold. By the la
te fourt
eenth century. relate alchemists to transmogrify one substance to other gave way to fill in the take of shit , brass, vinegar, chromatic embrocate and versatile drugs. In 15 of 16. fuck off alchemists progressively utilise in exploit and medicine.